In busy warehouses, tag-based ultra-wideband (UWB) sensors usually measure the distance between trucks and people more consistently than other sensor types, because they range by radio and work around corners and through racking without a line of sight. Their limit is that only people wearing a tag are protected. Cameras that recognise people cover untagged visitors and contractors but need a clear view. Radar and ultrasonic sensors detect any object, which causes nuisance alarms near racks and pallets in dense aisles. Many busy sites therefore pair UWB tags with camera detection and test both in their own aisles before rollout.
The full guide is Forklift proximity detection technologies compared, which sets UWB, RFID, camera, radar and LiDAR side by side. In a busy building the deciding factor is usually the false-alert rate, not the detection range: a sensor that fires at every rack end trains operators to ignore it. Ask for a pilot in the densest aisle, log detections against known positions, and count alerts that had no person behind them. Check tag battery life and the process for issuing tags to temporary staff. The proximity sensor comparison lists systems by sensing method.